Riveting machine



Aug. 3, 1937. L.. c. HucK\ RIVETINGVMACHINE Filed May 14, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l ,Loads C.' Hao/f.

` ATTORNEYS.

` ug. 3, 1937; L C, HUCKv 2,988,859

RIVETING- Mmmm Filed May 14 1935' 2 sheen-sheet' 2 I N VEN TOR.

A TTORN E Y6.

Pmented Aug. 3,- 1937 RIVETING MACHINE Louis C. Huck, Grosse Pointe Village, Mich., signor to Huxon Holding Corporation, a corporation of Michigan Application May 14, 1935,-, seal No. 21,474`

28 claims. (ci. 218-19) The invention relates to a rivet setting mecha' nism and system and in certain respects is related to the system and mechanism disclosed in the co-pending. application for patent of Huck et al., Serial No. 636,480, led October 6, 1932.

The invention particularly is designed to set a two-part rivet, such as disclosed, for example, in Huck co-pending application for patent' 681,362, filed July 20, 1933. This type of rivet generally comprises a tubular member adapted to project through openings in the structure to be riveted, and having one end adapted to be bulbed into a head at one side of the structure and a preformed head adapted to engage the other side of the structure. A pin passing through the tubular member and beyond said preformed head is adapted to be pulled to form the bulbed head and while the preformed head is `held -by reactionary force to the pull. The mechanism disclosed in the first mentioned application includes an anvil for applying the ren actionary force to the preformed head on the tubular member and a second anvil for swaging the preformed head to cause a ow of metal therein into locking grooves on the pin, after the bulbed head has been formed.V Operation of this second anvil becomes automatic when the pull on the pin reaches a predetermined amount, that is greater than that required to form the bulbed head and less than that required to break the pin at a groove provided for this purpose.

One object of the'present invention is to provide an improved rivet setting mechanism and system for setting a rivet of the general character set forth previously.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a mechanism and system for setting the type of` rivet mentioned which is less expensive and issimpler in design.

`Another object of the invention is to provide a rivet setting mechanism and system for setting a two-part rivet wherein the entire system is operated by a liquid fluid under pressure.

`Another object of the invention is to provide a rivet setting mechanism and system for setting a two-part rivet wherein liquid under pressure from a pump is employed to return the` parts to inoperative positions and wherein this` liquid pressure is boosted for operation of the system to set the rivet.

Another object of the invention is to provide a riveting mechanism which is electrically controlled.

Other objects of the invention will become wherein apparent from the following specification; the drawings` relating thereto, and from the 'claims hereinafter set forth.

For abetter understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings forming va. part of the specification Figure 1 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of a riveting mechanism `constructed according to one form. of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on a largerv scale, taken substantially along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an end view on a smaller scale, of the mechanism shown by Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view on a larger sFclale, taken substantially along the line 4-4 of Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a liquid supplying and pressure boosting part of the system which is connected to the mechanism shown by Fig. 1 for operating the latter.

A rivet adapted to be set is shown at the left end of the mechanism in Fig. 1 and corresponds to the type disclosed in Vco-pending application Serial No. 681,362. Briefly, it comprises a tubular member I having a preformed head 2, and a. pin 3 having a head 4 at one end for causing forces to be applied to the end of the tubular member and grooves 5 at its opposite end for enabling the pin to be gripped and pulled. Plates to be riveted are shown at 6 and 1. Setting of the rivet is effected bypulling the grooved end of the pin and applying the reactionary force against the head 2. Continued pull is adapted to break the pin at a groove `8 then disposed adjacent the outer side of head 2 but before this occurs, metal in the head is swaged into locking grooves 9 on the pin, at that time disposed within the head, so as to provide a lock against `recoil movement of the pin when it is broken under tension.

Referring to Fig. 1, the riveting mechanism comprises a cylinder body Ill having a bore II. Within the bore, a reciprocatory piston I2 is provided and this piston is integral with a tubular piston rod I3 which, at its right end, is slidably mounted ina sleeve bearing I4 disposed in an opening I5 in a head I6 threaded into the right end of the bore. Cup shape sealing rings I8 are mounted on the rod I3 next to the piston and head I6 and the lip edges ofthe rings are maintained against the wall of the bore by annular and conical plate rings 20 which are urged 1ongitudinally apart by means of a helical spring 2|. Itwill be noted that the plate rings 20 have their inner edges curled as indicated at 22, for receiving the end coils of the spring and that the lip edges of the sealing rings are tapered in accordance with a conical formation of the rings 5 28. It will be appreciated that the pressure of the spring 2I through the plates will tend to maintain the lip edges of the sealing rings against the wall of the bore at all times and that when there is liquid pressure in the bore, the pressure will forcefully hold the lips of the sealing rings against the wall of the bore. A similar arrangement, including smaller plate rings 25 and a smaller spring 26 maintains the inner lip edges of the sealing rings against the periphery of the piston rod I3.

A second piston 28 having a sleeve bearing 28 is slidably mounted on the piston rod I3 to the left of the piston I2. In this connection it may be lnoted that the left end of the bore II is enlarged, as indicated at 38, and that the left end of the piston 28 is of larger diameter to llt this enlarged portion o! the bore, while the remainder o! the piston fits the smaller right end portion of the bore. This relation provides a shoulder 3I on the piston periphery and a corresponding shoulder 32 in the bore II. The piu'pose of this larger outside diameter oi' the piston 28 at the left side and the shoulders will be mentioned presently.

Also at'its left side, the piston 28 is integral with a tubular member 33 and while this member is adjacent the piston rod I3 a substantial space is provided between it and the rod as indicated at 34. The member 33 is slidable through a tubular head 36 threaded into the left end of the bore and it will be noted that the head has an inner portion 31 substantially fitting the member, but that outwardly of the portion 31 the head has a bore 38 substantially larger than the tubular member 33 thereby providing a substan- 40 tial space around the member outwardly of the portion 31.

Sealing rings substantially like the rings I8 are provided between the piston 28 and piston I 2 and the legs of the sealing rings are maintained 4B against the wall of the bore and against the piston rod in the same manner as previously dee scribed. Similarly sealing rings are provided between the inner end of the head 36 and the piston 28, but the springs are shorter and owing to the 80 presence of the tubular member 33, the sealing rings will be of larger inside and outside diameter.

The purpose of increasing the diameter of the bore portion 38 and similarly increasing the diameter of the left end of the piston 28 is to com- 55 pensate for the decrease in effective area on the lei't end of the piston 28 caused by the tubular member projecting therefrom. It is intended to so enlarge the bore 38 and the diameter of the left end o1' the piston 28 that the effective area on the left side of the piston 28 will substantially be the same as the effective area on the right side of the piston 28.

The left end of the piston rod I3 is threaded into a sleeve 48 slidable in the tubular member 33 and beyond the end of the piston rod the sleeve is of reduced outer diameter and is threaded into a tubular jaw actuating member 4I also slidable on the tubular member 33. The left end of the jaw holding member 4I has tapered 70 jaw receiving sockets 43 each of which receives a jaw 44. The arrangement of the jaws and sockets and the manner in which they cooperate is substantially the same as disclosed in the co- 7vending application of Huck et al. rst mentioned 75 "erei'n. It may be mentioned briey, however,

anism at the right side of the head I6.

that upon movement of the jaw holding member 4I to the right with respect to the jaws 44, the inner gripping surfaces of the jaws are contracted for the purpose of gripping the rivet pin.

For the purpose of normally urging the jaws to the left and also for the purpose of assisting in absorbing the throw of the jaws to the right when the rivet pin breaks under tension, an arrangement is provided which includes a tubular element 46 having an enlarged right end 41 abutting the left end of the rod I3 and which engages a shoulder 48 on the outer portion of the sleeve 48. Thus the element 46 is locked in axial position on the rod I3 so as to move therewith. To the left of the shoulder 48 and between the outer surface of the element 46 and the outer end portion of the sleeve 48, a spring 58 is provided which at its right end engages the left side of the enlarged portion 41 on the element. The spring at its left end engages a relatively heavy sleeve 52 slidably mounted on the element 46 and this sleeve at its left end engages the right end faces of the jaws 44. With the jaws in their gripping positions as shown, a substantial space exists between lthe right end of the sleeve 52 and the left end of the sleeve 48 and consequently when the rivet pin breaks and the jaws are thrown to the right, some movement of the sleeve 52 can occur before it positively abuts the left end of the sleeve 48. While the spring 58 partially cushions the movement of the jaws to the right when the rivet pin breaks, the sleeve 52 cooperates for this purpose in that it acts as an inertia member and when the jaws move to the right they must, so to speak, pick up the inertia member and move it with them. 'Ihe effect of the spring and the inertia member is such that while the jaws will carry the inertia member and cause it to engage the end of the sleeve 48 rather forcefully, the force of the jaw movement is reduced to such extent that danger of breaking the jaws or any of the otherparts is avoided. It will be appreciated that the broken off part of the rivet may be moved rearwardly through the jaws, tubular element`46 and piston rod I3 and iinally be ejected from the right end of the latter to the exterior of the mech- It may be mentioned in this connection that the left end of the element 46 has a beveled entry 54 and this' is mainly provided to prevent the broken part of the pin in passing rearwardly, from engaging any exposed end face on the tubular element that might interfere with this movement.

The left end of the tubular member 33 has a primary anvil 56 threaded thereinto, and this anvil terminates in a smaller tubular portion 51 adapted to engage the preformed head on the tubular rivet member. A secondary anvil 59 is mounted in the left end of a barrel element 68 and it will be noted that the anvil surrounds the tubular portion 51 of the anvil 56, is slidable with respect thereto and that an interior shoulder 6I is provided on the barrel for engaging the end of the member 33 so as to limit movement of the member and anvil 56 to the left. Attention also is directed to a tapered socket 62 provided in the anvil 59 and it will be understood that this tapered socket is adapted to move over the preformed head of the tubular rivet member and cause the head to be swaged into interlocking relation with locking grooves provided in the rivet pin. The barrel 68 is rotatable and slidable on the tubular member 33 and at its right end projects between the latter and the outer portion ofthe head 36. For the purpose of locking the barrel in the head movement.

86, an arrangement is provided which is shown by Fig. 1 in conjunction with Fig. 4. This comprises a conical surface 66 on the barrel the center of which is slightly offset with respect to the 5 axis of the barrel, and a similarly `arranged conical socket 61 provided in the end of the head 36, and it will be noted that the conical surface and socket decrease .in diameter toward the outer end of the barrel. The conical surface on the barrel l0 is of such dimensions that it may be moved into the end of the head 36 when the high sides of the surface and socket are in axial alignment, as there is suilicient space between the surface and socket when they are so aligned to permit this respect to the head 36, an interlocking engagement between the socket and surface will be'-ob tained and furthermore this engagement tends to draw the barrel inwardly until its right end engages the portion 31 on the head. Any other suitable form of lock between the barrel and head may be used, but it is desirable to have one which is readily releasable or applicable merely by turning the barrel. The right end of the piston rod I3, outwardly of the head I6, is locked to a collar 10 by means of a pair of semi-circularring segments 1| and 12 and these parts limit movement of the piston rod to the left by the collar engaging the head.

The' segments 1| and 12 iit in a groove 13 in the end of the piston rod and may be inserted when the rod projects substantially from the head I6 and when the collar 10 has been moved to the left to expose the groove. Then the collar may be moved to the right and nnauy be looked in place by a set screw 14.

Now referring to Fig. 5, a tank 80 is provided and apurnp 8| mounted adjacent the tank has an inlet connection to the tank indicated at 82, by

meansof which liquid in the tank may be withdrawn through the pump. The outlet conduit of the pump is indicated at 83 and this extends to a port 84 in a valve casing `85. A slide valve element 88 in the casing is provided with spools 81, 88, 89, 90 and 9| disposed in spaced relation and `with the valve in the position shown, 4the conduit `83 from the pump communicates with the space between the spools 89 and 90. Also at this time this space communicates by means of a conduit 92 with `the end of a small barrel 93 forming part of a booster mechanism 94. The booster mechanism includes a large cylinder 95 having a piston 96 therein provided with a plunger 91 reciprocatory in the barrel 93. The left end of the cylinder 95 is connected by means of a conduit 98 with the right end of the space in the valve between the spools 90 and 9| and the left end of this space is connected by means of a conduit 99 to the tank 80. A conduit |00 communicating with the space between the spools 88 and 89 at the left end of such space, is adapted to be connected to the riveting mechanismshown by Fig. 1 and a similar conduit |0| communicating with the left end of the space between heads 81 and 88 also is adapted to extend to the riveting mechanism. The right end of the space between heads 88 and 89 communicates by means of a conduit |02 with the conduit 99 extending to the tank 80. It may be noted also that in the conduit B3 a relief valve |04 is provided and from this relief valve a conduit |05 also communicates with the conduit 99 extending to the tank. The purpose of the relief valve |04 and the conduit |05 is to permit liquid in the line 83 |10 discharge into the tank 80 if the pressure Then, by turning the barrel with made. The inner end of the tubular element ||9 in the line 83 exceeds a predetermined pressure. A conduit |06 communicates with the .right end of the space between spools 81 `and 88 and is connected to the conduit 83. Movement ofthe valve. element 86 is effected by solenoids ||0 z;` and Y If the pump is now operating. `liquid under a. pressure of 1000 pounds per -square inch, for example, is supplied to the space between heads 89 and 90 and, hence, through the conduit 92 10 to the right end o-f barrel 93 and against the right end of the plunger 91. At the same time l the left end of the cylinder 95 is open to exhaust through the conduits 98 and 99. Liquid under pressure from the conduit 83 is also supplied to 15 the space between heads 81 and 88, and through the conduit |0| extending to the riveting mechanism. The conduit |00 extending to the riveting mechanism communicates with the tank through the conduits |02 and 99. Further ex- 20 planation of the operation of this liquid part of the system will be deferred until the rest of the riveting mechanismis described. It may be mentioned, however, that theconduit |0| is connected to the inletV I5 shown by Fig. 3, andthe conduit 25 |00 is connected to the inlet ||6, also shown in this figure.

Now, referring to Fig. 2, the connection ||5 comprises a rotary joint ||1 having a. threaded open end ||8 shown by Fig. 3, and this joint is 30 rotatably adjustable on a tubular element ||9 threaded into the upper part of the body I0. The outer end of the element ||9 has a closed' hexagonal head and communication between the joint ||1 and the interior of the element ||9 is 35 effected by means of an annular space |20 in the joint and openings |2| through the wall of the tubular element. It may be mentioned that sealing means |22 are provided for preventing the escape of liquid at the ends of the joint ||5 and that the latter is tightly held by the element ||9 against turning but that the position of the joint may be varied upon loosening the element and then tightening it after the adjustment is communicates with a port |24, which, as best 45 shown by Fig. 1, communicates with the bore adjacent the right end thereof.

The joint ||6 is substantially the same as the joint ||5 and a tubular element |25 corresponding to the element 9 is provided. The inner end of the tubular element |25 communicates with a bore |26, in turn communicating with a port |21 located in va smaller intermediate portion |28 ofthe bore, which, as shown by Fig. 1, 5 communicates with the space between the pistons o |2 and 28. A passageway |29across the body and communicating with bore |21 also communicates with a bore |30 at the right side of a valve seat |3|. A ball valve |32 normally closes the valve seat |3| and a helical spring '|33 pressing against the ball |32 normally holds the ball in its seated position. The spring |33 is disposed in a sleeve |34 which maintains a head |35 at its right end against a seal |36 and shoulder |31 in the bore. The seat |3|, sleeve |34 and the head |35 are held positively in position by means of a sleeve |38 threaded into the left end of the bore and the left end of the sleeve is closed by means of a threaded cap |39. u 70 Beyond the port |21, a tubular valve element |40 is provided in the bore and is sealed aga the shoulder at the end of the bore portion |28 by a sealing ring |4|. The element has an internal bore |42 terminating in a smaller valve 75 seat opening |43 at its right end, and to the left ofthe opening, radial openings 44 in the wall of the element communicate with an annular space |45 around the element. A valve pin |48 is reciprocatory in the bore |42 and the right end ofthe pin terminates in a reduced portion |41 having a tapered peripheral portion adapted to engage the end of the opening |43 and to close it.

It will be noted that liquid under pressure at the right of the valve seat will initially act against only the end of .the portion |41, but when this portion is unseated, the pressure will also act against the end of the larger part of the pin around the portion. Thus a pressure lower than that required to unseat the valve, will maintain it open.

It will also be noted that the' outer surface of the pin adjacent lits right end has minute grooves |48 communicating with the radial openings |44 and with the space around the pin portion |41, and these are provided to permit small amounts oi' liquid in the space mentioned to escape through the radial openings |44 in the event liquid under high pressure at the right of the valve seat should for anyreascn slightly leak through the valve. This will prevent the liquid in said space from being subjected to the pressure at the right of the valve if there is minor leakage through the latter, and, therefore, prevent an application of pressure on the end face of the pin around the portion |41 which might cause opening of the valve at a relatively low pressure. are so small, however, that when the valve is open it still will be maintained open by a much lower pressure than that required to open it.

The pin |46 is strongly urged to the right and into valve closing position by a spring |49 provided in a tubular cap |50 threaded into the left end of the bore. This spring acts against a collar |5| on a pin |52 passing through the spring and slidable through the end wall of the cap, and the right end of the pin directly engages the pin |46.

The seat element |40 is tightly maintained against the seal |4| by engagement of the inner end of the cap with a collar |53 in turn engaging a collar |54 and the latter in turn pressing against an angular and confined sealing element |55 disposed around the pin |46 between the left end of the seat element and the colla-r. A second sealing element |56 is provided between the collars atv their outer'edges. The seals may be constructed of leather, rubber or the like and effectively prevent liquid escaping between the pin and seat element, and between the latter and the wall of the bore |26.

The space |45 communicates with a passageway |60 that in turn communicates with the interior bore of the element |38 through an annular passageway |6| and radial openings |62. It will be noted also and in conjunction with Fig. 1 that the passageway |60 communicates with the space between the piston 28 and the head 36 by means of a passageway |63.

With the arrangement as shown by Fig. 5 in the)condition explained and illustrated, liquid under pump pressure is provided in the conduit joint ||5, tubular member ||9 and communicates through port |24 with the space between the piston |2 and the head I6. Now since the port |63 communicating with the space between piston 28 and the head 36 communicates with the passageway |29 through the ball valve |32, andsince the space between pistons |2 and 28 communicates with the port |21 and the latter is open to the conduit |00, it will be appreciated The grooves that piston I2 will be maintained in its left position. It will be apparent that the ball |32 may readily open to allow any liquid in the space between piston 28 and head 36 to be forced into passageway |28.

Now if the riveting mechanism is applied to a rivet for setting the latter, the pin of the rivet is projected between the jaws 44 with the anvil 56 engaging the head 2 on the rivet. If solenoid ||0 is now energized and solenoid is de-energized, the valve element 86 will move to the right and the following operation will occur. Referring to Fig. shifting of the valve element 86 will cause the spool 90 to move to the right u-ntil the port 84 is in communication with the conduit 98 and at the same time spool 9| will cut oil. the conduit 99 leading to the tank. Shifting of the spool 89 will place conduit |00 in communication with conduit 92 and shifting of spool 88 to the right will place conduit |0| in communication With conduit |02. Then the liquid will flow under pressure from the pump 8| to the left end of the cylinder 95 and it will cause the piston 96 to move to the right. Since the plunger 91 and barrel 93 are smaller, liquid in the barrel 93 will be subjected to a much greater pressure and since this liquid pressure flows through conduit 92 and conduit |00 to the riveting mechanism, liquid under a high pressure will be supplied to the connection |6 shown in Fig. 2. This liquid under pressure, as will be seen by Fig. 2, cannot flow through passageway |29 and past the ball |32 because it acts to 'hold the ball seated, but it can flow through port |21 to the space between pistons |2 and 28. 'I'he pressure against the left side of the piston I2 will cause it and the jaw operating member to move and the jaws to grip and begin to pull the pin. If the anvil 56 is not initially against the head 2 on the rivet', piston 28 will then be moved to the left as soon as there is a little pull on the pin until the anvil either engages the head or the member 33 carrying the anvil engages the shoulder 6| in the barrel 60. If the member 33 first engages the shoulder in the barrel, pressure between the pistons |2 'and 28 then will cause the latter, acting through member 33 and barrel 60, to move the entire mechanism to the left relative to piston I2 and the jaw members, until the anvil does engage the rivet head. With anvil 66 engaging the rivet head, the pull on the pin will increase and the latter will move and cause the portion of the tubular rivet member to be bulbed into a head. After formation of said head, resistance to movement of the piston |2 increases, thereby causing the pressure of the liquid to increase and when this pressure is suilicient to overcome the spring |49, the smaller end |41 on the valve stem |46 shown by Fig. 2, is unseated and liquid flows in against the llarger end face of the stem. As previously stated,

a certain pressure will unseat the valve stem but if theepressure thereafter drops somewhat, the stem will still remain unseated because after the smaller portion is unseated, the pressure acts on the larger area end of the stem around the smaller portion |41. Movement of the stem uncovers the openings |44 and then liquid iiows through the space and passages |60 and |68, into the space between the piston 28 and the head 36. 'I'he liquid pressure then becomes equalized in the spaces between the piston 28 and the head 36 and between the piston |2 and the piston 28 and, since the left end of the piston 28 has substantially the same effective area 'as the right end thereof, piston 28 will be balanced or floating between the piston I2 and the head 36'.

This equalizing of pressure on both sides of piston 28, immediately eliminates it, substantially at least, as a reactionary force applying means, and what really happens is, that introduction of high pressure between piston 28 and head 36 causes application of the reactionary force to be shifted from the piston28 and anvil 56, to the head 36 and anvil `60. Since piston I2 is urged to the right by the pressure, the result obtained is that head 36 and the entire mechanism, excepting pistons I2 and 28, will move to the left Aimmediately and the anvil 59 will move over the rivet `head and swage metal into the locking grooves 9. Piston 28 wouldremain stationary owing to anvil 51 abutting the rivet head 2, but as swaging is eiected some axial extrusion of the head may cause the anvil and piston to move to the right and relativeto piston I2, but this is unimpeded owing to the spaces between the pistons and between piston 28 and head 36 being in communication so as to permit displacement from the space between the pistons to the space between the head 36 and piston 28. However, swaging is denitely interrupted before the anvil 59 can 'engage and apply its reactionary force also against the structure being riveted by the shoulder 32 in the bore engaging the shoulder` 3| on piston28. When this occurs, the reactionary force applied through head 36 is positively directed through both anvils and further movement of the head 3'6 and cylinder It now follows that movement of the entire mechanism to the left Abecomes resisted highly and the liquid pressure increases and finally the pressure on piston I24 is sufficient to break the rivet pin under tension at the groove 8. The jaws then will ily` backwardly and be cushioned as previously explained and the broken oi part of the pin will move backwardly through the jaws. Ordinarily the broken off partof the pin will not pass entirely through the jaws owing to the presence of a shoulder on the pin for expanding the tubular rivet portion, but insertion of the next rivet will move the broken off pin of the previous rivet to move onand into the sleeve 46. Successive setting of, rivets will normally cause the broken off parts to be ejected from the right end of the piston rod.

Upon breakage of the pin, the piston I2 will move more rapidly to the right, but this movement is interrupted by engagement of the right end of the sleeve 40 with the piston 28 and it will be appreciated that the shoulder 32 limits movement of the latter to the right. The arrangement is such that the pistons will be limited in their movements so as to prevent'undesirable compression of the springs holding the sealing cup members and to prevent undesirable engagement of the cups with one another.

Now, if solenoid is die-energized and solenoid is energized. the valve member 86 will return to its former position and then liquid under the lower pump pressure will flow into the space between-piston I2 and the head I6 and exhaust from the spaces between the two pistons and between tbe piston 28 and the head 36 and the parts will return to their original positions as shown by Fig. 1.

A guard housing |16 is threaded on the head I8 and is provided with slots |11 to permit ejection of the broken off parts of the pin; This housing has a cap |18 removably mounted in its outer end preferably by a pressure engagement of overlapping metal parts. The guard housing is provided mainly to prevent an operator from becoming injured perhaps by having his finger in the path of the return movement of the collar when the piston rod moves to the left. The removable cap |18 is provided on the outer end of the housing to normally close its ends but to permit forced removal of the cap in the event, for example, the mechanism is vertically disposed above the work being riveted, and broken offA parts of the pin stand in a vertical column inthe piston rod. In this case, one pin portion might so project from the right vend of the piston rod, that it would engage the cap during movement of the piston rod to the 'right in the riveting operation, and by having the cap removable, the pressure of the projecting pin portion could push the cap off the housing.

For operating the mechanism,'a handle |80 is provided which is bolted to the casting I0 as indicated at |8|. Adjacent the front end of the handle a trigger |82 is provided which is pivoted as indicated at |83 and a spring |84 engaging a projection |85 on the trigger adjacent the pivot normally holds the trigger in its down position. An arm |86 on the trigger cooperates with a switch |81 and is provided with contact points |88 and |89 adapted respectively to engage contact points |90 and I9I. With the trigger in its down position as shown, the contacts |88 and |90 are in engagement and it will be understood that a circuit is provided which thereby energizes the solenoid I I. When the trigger is raised, contact |88 leaves contact |90 and contact I 89 engages contact |9I and this causes solenoid III to be deenergizedV and solenoid I|0 to be energized. Thus operation of the valve element 86 and the entire mechanism may be controlled by manipulation of a remote control trigger on the mechanism.`

If desired, the mechanism could be operated by a single high pressure liquid system so that the same high pressure would operate the mechanism both in its working movements and its return movements. This could readily be accomplished by .a pump oriother source of high liquid pressure and connections to both joints ||5 and I|6 that would cause the liquid pressure to be applied through one joint and to exhaust through the other and vice versa, accordi-ng tothe working or return movement. Manifestly a valve generally along the line shown by Fig. 5 may be used to -throw the high pump pressure into one line while opening the other to exhaust, and vice versa.

While only one form of the invention has been illustrated and described indetail it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a part is pulled and the reactionary force is applied to a second part, comprising a hollow body, movable means in the body for pulling the first part of the rivet, movable means in the body for applying the reactionary force to the-second rivet part, means movable through movement of the body for also applying reactionary force to said second part, and means for automatically caus- .ing the latter means to function subsequently to operation of the iirst mentioned reactionary force applying means. s

2. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a part is pulled and the reactionary force is applied .to a second part, comprising a hollow body, movable means in the body for pulling the first part of the rivet, movable means in the body for applying the rer ctionary force to 3. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a part is pulled and the reactionary force is applied to a second part, comprising a cylinder body, a pair of pistons movable in the body with each of the adjacent sides of the pistons constantly subjected to the same fluid pressure as that acting on the other of such adjacent sides, means connected to one piston for pulling the first rivet part, means operatively engaged by the other piston for applying the reactionary force to the other rivet part, and means for introducing iluid under pressure between the pistons.

4. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a partis pulled and the reactionary force is applied to a second part, comprising a pair of pistons, a body having a bore slidably receiving the pistons with the bore continuing between the adjacent sides of the pistons so that any fluid pressure between the pistons constantly acts upon both of such adjacent sides o! the latter, means connected to one piston for pulling the first rivet part, means operatively engaged by the other piston for applying the reactionary force to the other rivet part, and means for introducing iluld under pressure to the bore between the pistons.

5. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a part is pulled and the reactionary force is applied to a second part, comprising a cylinder body, a head on one end of the body, a pair of pistons movable in the body, means connected to one piston for pulling the first rivet part, means operatively engaged by the other piston for applying the reactionary force tothe second rivet part, means for introducing fluid under pressure between the pistons, and automatically and subsequently operable means for applying the reactionary force to said second rivet part through said head.

- 6. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet wherein a part is pulled and the reactionary force is applied to a second part, comprising a cylinder body, a head on the end of the body, a pair of movable pistons in the body, means connected to one piston for pulling the iirst rivet part, means operatively engaged by the other piston for applying the reactionary force to the second rivet part, means operatively engaged by said head for also applying the reactionary force to said second rivet part,A means for introducing iluld under pressure between said pistons, and means for subsequently introducing fluid under pressure between the second piston and said head.

7. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of a type comprising a tubular part having a head at one end. and a Din in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston movable in the body, means connected to the piston for gripping and pulling the pin, a second piston in the body, an anvil connected to the second piston for applying the-reactionary force of the pull to the end face of the rivet head, an anvil movable by the body for applying the reactionary force to said head so as to swage the latter radially towards the pin, means for introducing iluid under pressure between the pistons, and means subsequently operable for shifting the application of said reactinary force from the iirst anvil to the second anvil.

8. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of a type comprising a tubular vpart having a head at oneA end, and a pin in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston movable in the body, means connected to the piston ior gripping and pulling the pin, a second piston in the body, an anvil connected to the second piston for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the end face of the rivet head, an anvil movable by the body for applying the reactionary force tov said head so as to swage the latter radially towards the pin, means for introducing iluid under pressure between the pistons, and means automatically operable depending upon the pull on the pin for shifting the application of said reactionary force from the rst anvil to the second anvil.

9. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of a type comprising a tubular part having a head at one end, and a pin in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston movable in the body, means connected to the piston for gripping and pulling the pin,- a second piston in the body, an anvil connected to the second piston for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the end face of the rivet head, an anvil movable by the body for applying the reactionary force to said head so as to swage the latter radially towards the pin, means for introducing iluid under pressure between the pistons, means automatically operable depending upon the pull on the pin for moving the body and shifting the application of said reactionary force from the first anvil to the second anvil, and means depending upon, the movement of the body for subsequently rendering the first anvil active to apply reactionary force against the end face o1' said head.

l0. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet oi' a type comprising a tubular part having a head at one end, and a pin in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston movable in the body, means connected to the piston for gripping and pulling the pin, a second piston in the body, an anvil connected to the second piston for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the end face of the rivet head, an anvil movable by the body for applying the reactionary force to said head so as to swage the latter radially towards the pin, means for introducing iluid under pressure between the pistons, means automatically operable depending upon the pull on the pin for moving the body and shifting the application of said reactionary force from the ilrst anvil to the second anvil, and means for subsequently interrupting the `application of reactionary force through said second anvil.

ll. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet oi' a type comprising a tubular part having a head at one end, and a pin in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston movable in the body, means connected to the piston for gripping'and pulling the pin, a second piston in the body, an anvil connected to the second piston for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the end face of thev rivet head, an anvil movable by the body for applying the reactionary `force to said head so as to swage the latter radially towards the pin, means for introducing uid under pressure between the pistons, means automatically operable depending upon the `pull on the pin for moving the body and shifting the application of said reactionary force from the first anvil to the second anvil, means subsequently operable forV applying the reactionary force through the second anvil so as to swage the head, and means ,automatically operable to limit the swaging movement of the second anvil.

12. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of a type comprising a tubular member having a head at one end for engaging one side of the structure to be riveted and a pin projecting through the tubular member and which is adapted to enlarge the opposite end of the tubular member against the opposite side of the said structure when the pin is pulled through the member, `wherein f such apparatus comprises means for pulling the pin, means for applying the reactionary force to the head on the tubular member, means axially movable over the head on the tubular member by such reactionary force to swage the head radially towards the pin, and means automatically operable for limiting the swaging action, so as to prevent the swaging means from engaging the structure being riveted. 13. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of a type comprising a tubular member having a head at one end for engaging one side of the structure to be riveted and a pin projecting through the tubular member and which is adapted to enlarge the opposite end of the tubular member against the opposite side of the structure when the pin is moved through the member, wherein such apparatus comprises means for moving the pin so as to enlarge the end of the tubular member, means for applying the reactionary force to the head on the tubular member, means subsequently movable over thehead on the tubular member by the reactionary force for swaging the head radially towards the pin, and means automatically operable for limiting the axial movement of the swaging means so as to prevent engagement thereof with the structure being riveted.

14. An apparatus for setting rivets of a type including a tubular member having a head at one end for engaging one side. of a structure to be riveted and a pin movable through the tubular member for enlarging the opposite end of the tubular member against the opposite side of the structure, which 'comprises means for applying reactionary force, means for moving the pin to form such enlargement, means for applying the reactionaryl force to the head on the tubular member, means axially movable over the head by the reactionary force for swaging the Ifhead radially towards the pin, means automatically` operable for shifting application of the reactionary force from the first means to the swaging means, and means subsequently operable for limiting axial movement of the swaging means to prevent engagement thereof with the structure being riveted and including means for causing application of the reactionary force through both of such means simultaneously.

l5. A rivet setting apparatus for setting a rivet of 4a type comprising a tubular part having a head at one end, and a pin in the tubular part and projecting from the head, which comprises means for gripping and pulling the pin, means for applying the reactionary force to the head, means subsequently operable by the reactionary force to swage the hear' radially towards the pin, and means for automatically joining the iirst reactionary force applying means to the swag- ,ing means after a predetermined amount of swaging is eiectcd so as to limit the swaging action.

16. A rivet setting apparatus comprising a riveting mechanism, fluid pressure responsive means in the mechanism for setting the rivet, a source of uid under pressure, means connecting said source to the mechanism, remotely located means for boosting the pressure of said uid, and electrical means for controlling the operation of the boosting means and including a manually controlled switch on the mechanism.

17. A rivet setting apparatus comprising a riveting mechanism, fluid pressure responsive means in the mechanism for setting the rivet, a source of fluid under pressure, means connecting said source to the mechanism, remotely located means for boosting the pressure of said fluid, a valve connected to the boosting means for controlling the operation of themechanism by the fluid, and electrical means including a manually controlled switch on the mechanism for operating the valve.

18. A rivet setting apparatus comprising a mechanism for setting a two part rivet, fluid pressure responsive means in the mechanism, a source of liquid fluid pressure, means for boosting the pressure of the uid, means connecting said source and boosting means to the mechanism, and means operable to cause the fluid pressure from said source to operate the fluid pressure responsive means in one direction and to cause the iiuid pressure from said boosting means to operate the responsive means in the other direction.

19. A rivet setting apparatus comprising a mechanism4 for setting a two part rivet, fluid pressure responsive means in the mechanism, a pump for supplying liquid uid under pressure, a pressure boosting device, means for connecting the mechanism to said source and said boosting mechanism, and control means operable to cause liquid to be supplied under pump pressure to operate theresponsive means in one direction and to supply liquid a'tythe boosted pressure to operate the responsive means in the other direction.

20. A rivet setting apparatus comprising a mechanism for setting a two part rivet, uid pressure responsive means in the mechanism, a pump for supplying liquid fluid under pressure, a pressure boosting device, means for connecting the mechanism to said source and said boosting mechanism, and control means operable to causeliquid to be supplied under pump pressure to operate the responsive means in one direction and to supply liquid at the boosted pressure to operate the responsive means in the other direction, said control means comprising a valve adapted alteratively to connect the pump and boosting means directly to the mechanism.

21. A `rivet setting apparatus comprising a mechanism for setting a two part rivet, fluid pressure responsive means in the mechanism,

a pump for supplying liquid fluid under pressure, a pressure boosting device, means for connecting the mechanism to said source and said boosting mechanism, and control means operable to cause liquid to be supplied under pump pressure to operate the responsive means in one direction and to supply liquid at the boosted pressure to operate the responsive means in the other peated rivet setting operations and from which such broken oif parts are ejected from the mechanism, and a guard adjacent; the ejec'ting end of the tubular piston rod for interrupting the movement of the broken 01T parts.

23. A rivet setting mechanism for setting a rivet wherein a part of the rivet is broken oi,

comprising means for setting the rivet and efi fecting the breaking off of the rivet part, said means including a tubular piston rod through which the broken off parts of the rivet pass during repeated rivet setting operations and from which such broken off` parts are ejected from the mechanism, and a guard disposed adjacent the ejecting end of the tubular piston rod for altering the direction of movement of the broken 01T parts.

, LOUIS C. HUCK. 

